Covers analyzing work products without executing code, including review processes (informal to formal inspections) to find defects early. Covers methods for creating effective test cases:

The syllabus, specifically the v4.0 (2023) update, serves as the global standard for essential software testing knowledge. This version integrates modern practices like Agile , DevOps , and Continuous Delivery , making it applicable to nearly any software development lifecycle (SDLC).

Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Overview - istqb

: Functional testing via techniques like Equivalence Partitioning, Boundary Value Analysis, and Decision Tables.

: Covers sequential (Waterfall, V-Model) and iterative/incremental models (Agile).

: Testing performed on live systems when changes, migrations, or retirements occur.