Infected animals frequently experience decreased fertility and retained placentas.

Contagious abortion, often occurring in the last trimester of pregnancy, is the most common sign.

The bacteria are often spread through contact with aborted fetuses, placentas, or vaginal discharges. In the United States, wildlife reservoirs like bison and elk in the Yellowstone area maintain the pathogen, occasionally transmitting it back to livestock. Zoonotic Transmission and Human Health

Informative Paper: Brucella abortus and Its Global Impact Introduction

Even with treatment, relapse occurs in 5–15% of cases due to the presence of "persister" cells that remain metabolically active within protective intracellular niches. Current Control and Prevention Strategies

In humans, it can cause a debilitating, chronic illness characterized by undulant fever, joint pain, and fatigue.

Reduced milk production and the birth of weak calves further compound agricultural losses.

Humans typically acquire B. abortus through direct contact with infected animals or the consumption of .